2021 Mercedes-Benz GLA [US]

The new Mercedes-Benz GLA, the eighth model to join the line-up (globally), represents the gateway into the brand's successful family of SUV models. The character has been significantly reinforced here compared with the previous model: the height of the new GLA, at 63.5 inches (1,613 millimeters) with standard roof rails, exceeds that of its predecessor by more than 3.9 inches (ten centimeters). The correspondingly higher and characteristic SUV seating position also comes with more headroom in the first row. Legroom in the rear is also much more generous - even though the GLA is now 0.6 inches shorter. Typical off-road design features include the upright front section, short overhangs at the front and rear, and protective cladding. 4MATIC models feature the Off-Road Engineering Package as standard, which comprises an additional driving program, a downhill driving assist function and an off- road animation in the media display.

The new GLA makes a further step in terms of safety courtesy of its driver assistance systems with cooperative driver support. The enhanced functions of the Driver Assistance Package include, for example, the exit warning function alerting the driver to approaching cyclists or vehicles, and a warning when pedestrians are detected near crosswalks. The Mercedes-Benz GLA is able to react when the driver doesn't. Active Brake Assist is charged in many situations with applying autonomous braking to avoid a collision or to reduce its severity. The system can also brake at a speed of up to approx. 37 mph for stationary vehicles and pedestrians crossing the road ahead. Depending on the situation this even prevents collisions up to a speed of 31 mph.

More traction when needed: 4MATIC all-wheel drive

The Mercedes-Benz GLA can be equipped with the permanent all-wheel drive system 4MATIC with fully variable torque distribution as an option. 4MATIC components include the power take-off to the rear axle, which is integrated into the automated dual-clutch transmission, and the rear axle differential with an integrated multi-plate clutch. This comprises six plates (12 friction surfaces) with a carbon fiber coating and is capable of transmitting as much as 738 ft-lb (1,000 newton meters) of torque. Automatic adjustment is made for wear and tear.

Unlike the previous model, in which the actuation was hydraulic, the clutch in this case is electro-mechanically operated. Via a two-stage spur gear and a ball ramp, an electric motor exerts an axial force on the clutch pack to open or close the plates. One element of this compact unit is the rear axle differential; this compensates the different paths/rotational speeds of the rear wheels. The advantages of this control system are, above all, non- rpm-dependent operation across the entire actuation range and thus also the pilot control of the clutch while still stationary, along with higher efficiency thanks to the ball ramp concept. There are no unnecessary losses from a synchronous hydraulic pump and the all-wheel drive unit has direct diagnostics capability.